Psalmus 85 (Vulgate)

Inclina, Domine, aurem tuam
(= Psalm 86 in Hebrew numbering)


Versus 1

Inclina, Domine, aurem tuam, et exaudi me; quoniam inops et pauper sum ego.
Incline your ear, O Lord, and hear me; for I am needy and poor.

Word Notes:

  • inclino – inclinare – inclinavi – inclinatum (1) – to bend, incline.
  • auris, auris f. (3) – ear.
  • inops, inopis (adj. 3) – needy, helpless.
  • pauper, -eris (adj. 3) – poor.

Versus 2

Custodi animam meam, quoniam sanctus sum; salvum fac servum tuum, Deus meus, sperantem in te.
Guard my soul, for I am devoted; save your servant, O my God, who trusts in you.

Word Notes:

  • custodio – custodire – custodivi – custoditum (4) – to guard.
  • animus/anima – soul, life.
  • sanctus, -a, -um – holy, devoted, set apart.
  • servo – servare – servavi – servatum (1) – to save, preserve.
  • spero – sperare – speravi – speratum (1) – to trust, hope.

Versus 3

Miserere mei, Domine, quoniam ad te clamavi tota die.
Have mercy on me, O Lord, for to you I cry all day long.

Word Notes:

  • miseror / misereor – misereri – miseritus sum (dep. 2) – to have mercy.
  • clamo – clamare – clamavi – clamatum (1) – to cry out.

Versus 4

Laetifica animam servi tui, quoniam ad te, Domine, animam meam levavi.
Gladden the soul of your servant, for to you, O Lord, I have lifted up my soul.

Word Notes:

  • laetifico – laetificare – laetificavi – laetificatum (1) – to gladden.
  • levo – levare – levavi – levatum (1) – to lift, raise.

Versus 5

Quoniam tu, Domine, suavis et mitis; et multae misericordiae omnibus invocantibus te.
For you, O Lord, are gentle and kind, and full of mercy to all who call upon you.

Word Notes:

  • suavis, -e (adj. 3) – sweet, gentle.
  • mitis, -e (adj. 3) – mild, gentle.
  • invoco – invocare – invocavi – invocatum (1) – to call upon.

Versus 6

Auribus percipe, Domine, orationem meam, et intende voci deprecationis meae.
Give ear, O Lord, to my prayer, and attend to the voice of my supplication.

Word Notes:

  • percipio – percipere – percepi – perceptum (3) – to perceive, hear.
  • intendo – intendere – intendi – intentum (3) – to attend, heed.
  • deprecatio, -onis f. (3) – supplication.

Versus 7

In die tribulationis meae clamavi ad te, quia exaudisti me.
In the day of my trouble I cried to you, for you have heard me.

Word Notes:

  • tribulatio, -onis f. (3) – trouble, distress.
  • exaudio – exaudire – exaudivi – exauditum (4) – to hear favourably.

Versus 8

Non est similis tui in diis, Domine, et non est secundum opera tua.
There is none like you among the gods, O Lord, and none equal to your works.

Word Notes:

  • similis, -e (adj. 3) – like, similar.
  • secundum – according to, equal to.
  • opus, operis n. (3) – work, deed.

Versus 9

Omnes gentes quascumque fecisti venient et adorabunt coram te, Domine, et glorificabunt nomen tuum.
All the nations you have made shall come and worship before you, O Lord, and shall glorify your name.

Word Notes:

  • gens, gentis f. (3) – nation.
  • adoro – adorare – adoravi – adoratum (1) – to worship.
  • glorifico – glorificare – glorificavi – glorificatum (1) – to glorify.

Versus 10

Quoniam magnus es tu, et faciens mirabilia; tu es Deus solus.
For you are great and do marvellous deeds; you alone are God.

Word Notes:

  • mirabile, -is n. (3) – a wonder, marvellous thing.
  • facio – facere – feci – factum (3) – to do, make.
  • solus, -a, -um – alone, only.

Versus 11

Deduc me, Domine, in via tua, et ingrediar in veritate tua; laetetur cor meum ut timeat nomen tuum.
Lead me, O Lord, in your way, and I will walk in your truth; let my heart rejoice that it may fear your name.

Word Notes:

  • deduco – deducere – deduxi – deductum (3) – to lead.
  • ingredior – ingredi – ingressus sum (dep. 3) – to walk, enter.
  • timeo – timere – timui (2) – to fear.

Versus 12

Confitebor tibi, Domine Deus meus, in toto corde meo, et glorificabo nomen tuum in aeternum.
I will praise you, O Lord my God, with all my heart, and will glorify your name forever.

Word Notes:

  • confiteor – confiteri – confessus sum (dep. 2) – to confess, praise, give thanks.
  • in toto corde meo – with all my heart.

Versus 13

Quia misericordia tua magna est super me; et eruisti animam meam ex inferno inferiori.
For great is your mercy toward me; and you have delivered my soul from the lowest hell.

Word Notes:

  • magnus, -a, -um – great.
  • eruo – eruere – erui – erutum (3) – to rescue, pluck out.
  • inferus / infernus – the lower regions, underworld.
  • infernus inferior – “the lowest hell”.

Versus 14

Deus, iniqui insurrexerunt super me, et synagoga potentium quaesierunt animam meam, et non proposuerunt te in conspectu suo.
O God, the wicked have risen against me, and the assembly of the mighty have sought my life, and they have not set you before their eyes.

Word Notes:

  • insurgo – insurgere – insurrexi – insurrectum (3) – to rise up.
  • potens, potentis (adj. 3) – powerful.
  • quaero – quaerere – quaesivi – quaesitum (3) – to seek.
  • conspectus, -us m. (4) – sight, presence.

Versus 15

Et tu, Domine, Deus miserator et misericors, patiens et multae misericordiae, et verax.
But you, O Lord, are a God compassionate and merciful, patient, rich in mercy, and true.

Word Notes:

  • miserator, -oris m. (3) – compassionate one.
  • patiens, -ntis (adj. 3) – patient, long-suffering.
  • verax, -acis (adj. 3) – truthful, faithful.

Versus 16

Respice in me, et miserere mei; da imperium tuum puero tuo, et salvum fac filium ancillae tuae.
Look upon me and have mercy on me; give your strength to your servant, and save the son of your handmaid.

Word Notes:

  • imperium, -ii n. (2) – power, authority.
  • puer, pueri m. (2) – servant, youth.
  • ancilla, -ae f. (1) – handmaid.

Versus 17

Fac mecum signum in bonum, ut videant qui oderunt me, et confundantur; quoniam tu, Domine, adjuvisti me et consolatus es me.
Show me a sign for good, that those who hate me may see and be confounded; because you, O Lord, have helped me and comforted me.

Word Notes:

  • signum, -i n. (2) – sign.
  • confundo – confundere – confudi – confusum (3) – to confound, shame.
  • consolor – consolari – consolatus sum (dep. 1) – to comfort.

Summary Commentary

Psalm 85 is a personal prayer of rescue, but woven with deep theology:

  1. God bends down to the lowly.
    The opening “Inclina aurem tuam” is intimate: the infinite stoops toward the poor.
  2. Universal praise grows out of personal salvation.
    From “save your servant” (v. 2) the psalm expands to “all nations shall worship you” (v. 9).
  3. Inner guidance.
    The heart rejoices so that it may fear God — not terror, but reverent alignment.
  4. Mercy stronger than death.
    Deliverance from “inferno inferiori” anticipates your interpretive theme:
    spiritual awakening as deliverance from inner darkness.

Exercises

(a) English → Latin Translation

  1. Incline your ear, O Lord.
  2. You alone are God.
  3. Lead me in your way.
  4. Great is your mercy toward me.

Key:

  1. Inclina, Domine, aurem tuam.
  2. Tu es Deus solus.
  3. Deduc me, Domine, in via tua.
  4. Magna est misericordia tua super me.

(b) Verb Form Practice

Present / imperfect / future:

  1. inclino – inclinare
  2. custodio – custodire
  3. exaudio – exaudire
  4. confiteor – confiteri
  5. eruo – eruere

Model Answers:

  1. inclino / inclinabam / inclinabo
  2. custodio / custodiebam / custodiam
  3. exaudi(o) / exaudiebam / exaudiam
  4. confiteor / confitebar / confitebor
  5. eruo / eruebam / eruam

(c) Reflection Questions

  1. What tone distinguishes this psalm from the more national or communal psalms?
  2. How does the psalm balance personal distress with universal hope (vv. 9–10)?
  3. In what way is the prayer for a “sign for good” an expression of inner renewal?

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