Psalm 10 (Ut quid Domine recessisti longe) is a cry of anguish at God’s seeming distance in times of trouble. The psalmist laments the arrogance of the wicked, their oppression of the poor, and their presumption that God does not see. Yet the prayer turns to confidence: God does behold toil and sorrow, he defends the orphan, and the wicked will not prevail forever. This study format presents the Latin text, English translation, and word notes for closer reading.