An argument that God is not best understood as an external commander, but as the inward source of moral recognition: the strength by which we see the good, stand by it, and give it outward form in law, art, worship, and responsible action. Drawing on Jesus, Paul, Shakespeare, Wilfred Owen, and the failure of external religion, the article reflects on truth, conscience, self-command, and the need to recover the spiritual key to Western moral life.
From Augustine to Eckhart, from Teresa to Tolstoy and beyond, the same lesson returns: the deepest truth cannot simply be taught from outside but must be realised inwardly. This essay follows that long mystical trajectory through childhood faith, doubt, animism, Jesus’ inward law of love, and the betrayal of his message by empire and institution.
Society exists to establish order, not fulfilment. Social constraint makes collective life possible, but it does not recognise the autonomy or particularity of the individual. This essay explores the tension between survival instinct and human meaning, arguing that conflict arises not from moral failure but from scarcity, fear, and the limits of social design. Between raw survival and moral idealism lies the harder task of living truthfully within constraint, without illusions of purity, rebellion, or final harmony.
A reflection on how Europe might rediscover a shared moral centre without enforcing religious uniformity. Using Jesus’ ethic as one integrative voice among many, this piece explores innate moral capacities, cultural modelling, and the creative–destructive axis at the heart of human behaviour. Includes scientific notes and two asides on moral development and plural ethics.
A reflection on parenting, morality, and the teaching of Jesus — showing how the true measure of life lies not in worldly success but in moral fruitfulness. Wealth and compassion need not be opposed, but reconciled through the law written in the heart.
An exploration of the moral and ecological misjudgements that have shaped modern Britain — from misplaced compassion and guilt to the exhaustion of land and wildlife — and a call to recover stewardship and restraint before it is too late.
Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980) turned the collapse of religious certainty into a demand for moral self-authorship. This essay sketches his life, clarifies his philosophy (“existence precedes essence”), traces the steps by which he reached his insights—from bleak fiction to public ethics—and considers possible misunderstandings that remain. It concludes with a sober appraisal: we need not act from anxiety or ideology; real action springs from the will to live.
Religion and metaphysics are not revelations from beyond but the stories we tell ourselves to soften the facts of mortality and failure. The diversity of human behaviour arises from the shifting interplay between genes and experience — a balance science can describe but not yet measure. Even in an age of reason, we continue to weave meaning into suffering because we cannot bear the thought that there may be none.
Are humans naturally exploitative, or do we learn domination from culture? This essay traces the roots of exploitation from evolution to empire and argues that individual virtue must be joined to collective
A reflective essay on the Last Supper as a farewell rather than the founding of a religion. Jesus underestimated the power of the social construct that sustains civilisation — and, like prophets before and after him, paid the price for his honesty.